Blood Typing - 1457 Words

EXPERIMENT 3 BLOOD TYPÄ °NG ABSTRACT The purpose of this lab is to determine the blood type of two samples. The objectives of the blood typing lab were to learn about antigens and the consequences of incompatibility, blood typing, and to illustrate antigen-antibody complexes and agglutination. INTRODUCTION Red blood cells have glycoproteins on their surface which act like flags to identify the cells. The glycoproteins are coded for by the blood type genes A, B, and O. Unlike Complete Dominance where one gene totally masks another (i.E. vs. t), the blood type genes, A and B, are Co-dominant or equally dominant. Therefore, an individual with the genotype AB will possess both A-type glycoproteins and B-type glycoproteins on their†¦show more content†¦If a potential donor is found to have anti-D antibodies or any strong atypical blood group antibody by antibody screening in the blood bank, they would not be accepted as a donor (or in some blood banks the blood would be drawn but the product would need to be appropriately labeled); therefore, donor blood plasma issued by a blood bank can be selected to be free of D antibodies and free of other atypical antibodies, and such donor plasma issued from a blood bank would be suitable for a recipient who may be D positive or D negative, a s long as blood plasma and the recipient are ABO compatible MATERIAL-METHOD For the blood test, lancet, microscope slide, anti-A serum, anti-B serum, anti-Rh serum were used. First, the finger punctured with the lancet. Then one drop of blood was touched in the left of the slide, in the middle of slide, and in the right of slide. Only three drops of blood was used. Afterward, one drop of anti-A serum dripped onto the left of the slide, one drop of anti-B serum dripped onto the middle of the slide, anti-Rh serum onto the right of the slide. If the antigen is present, the erythrocytes will agglutinate but if it is not present, the solution remains cloudy. We applied this test in our friend that is Venus. Her blood type is AB Rh+. And we saw the agglutinate in left, middle and right of the slide. ThatShow MoreRelatedBlood Typing And The Blood Of The Donor Blood1424 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION: Blood typing is one of the tests that will determine a person’s blood type. Although, all blood is made of the same basic elements but they are not same by their blood typing. In fact, there are eight different common blood types. Based on certain substances of antigen presence or absence and Rh factors we will able to identify the person blood types. Those substances can trigger an immune response if they are foreign to the body. Blood typing is important when you need a blood transfusionRead MoreEssay on Bone Marrow Transplants1155 Words   |  5 Pagesremoving damaged parts of the body and replacing them with healthy organs to cure the patient with a disease. World War II brought research in tissue transplantation to the forefront: skin grafts for burn victims, blood transfusions required careful AOB blood typing and monitoring of blood group antibodies; and high doses of radiation lead to bone marrow failure and death. Massive radiation exposures provided an opportunity for advancement therapies for bone marrow failure syndrome and leukemia. TheRead MoreEssay about Case Study 28 Days652 Words   |  3 Pages28 days What is the molecule responsible for oxygen transport by blood? Hemoglobin is the molecule that is responsible for oxygen transport by blood. What is blood pressure a measure of? Blood pressure is a measure of the force of blood that is against the arterial walls. The innermost aspect of the digestive tract is lined with what tissue type? The innermost aspect of the digestive tract is lined with epithelial tissue. As we age, what happens to the digestive tract? As peopleRead MoreUse Of Test Tubes And Their Purpose1018 Words   |  5 Pagessomeone collecting some blood specimen, you see them with these colored top test tubes. Each test tube has different functions and purpose why they have colored tops. According to McCall, Tankersley, Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins (2008), many hospitals and clinics normally use the following test tubes: Lavender Topped Tubes contain an EDTA as the anticoagulant for whole blood sample which prevents clotting of the blood. They are important to fill the correct EDTA and blood ratio where it must beRead MoreMuscle System, Cardiovacular and Respitatory System, Paragraphs913 Words   |  4 Pageswould start burst and not function anymore, which will make his body start to shut down. Specifically, red blood cells are found in a very aqueous solution where this distilled water is inserted into the body directly and would be the first to suffer. Since the cells have more solutes inside, the water would rush inside of the red blood cells, rupturing them until there weren’t enough red blood cells left to carry oxygen to the muscles. This could cause several different problems such as stroke, kidneyRead MoreBlood Is Our Body s Transportation System Of Nutrients And Can Be A Gift For Saving Your Life1713 Words   |  7 Pagesof giving blood. Blood is an amazing fluid that feeds, tak es away the waste and carries oxygen to all cells in our body (Holt, Rinehart, and Winston 182). So, why give blood and what do I need to do to contribute. Blood donations are used in various ways, such as transfusions, research, medical emergencies or trauma. Blood drives take place day in and day out to help supply the constant need of blood. Knowing some facts and the use of blood, may change my mind on why I should give. Blood is our body’sRead MoreWays Your Career Is Killing You877 Words   |  4 Pagesany pain or discomfort, your body could be at risk for developing a number of ailments and unwanted health conditions like the following: Varicose veins caused by sitting or standing for long periods Obesity caused by lack of movement Blood clots due to poor blood circulation Chronic joint pain due to inflammation and/or overuse Back pain caused by poor posture due to job requirements Top 10 Careers Causing Venous Disease When your career requires you to stand on your feet all day long or to sitRead More Ergonomics Essay example1097 Words   |  5 Pagesswivels easily. Do you need armrests on your chair? If so, are the armrests broad, cushioned and comfortable? While sitting can you adjust the height of the armrests and can you move the armrests closer together or further apart? Keyboard in the ideal typing posture both static and dynamic muscle loads are minimized. This posture is achieved when the keyboard is below seated elbow height and the keyboard base is gently sloped away from the user so that the key tops are accessible to the hands in a neutralRead MoreCharacteristics Of The Distinctive Bloodstain Patterns Essay2039 Words   |  9 Pagesdistinctive bloodstain patterns are used to provide investigative information about the type of activity at the scene. More so, the composition of materials in a given surface provides the foundation of blood pattern interpretation. 2. If a blood stain is perfectly round, then it implies that the blood stroked a horizontal surface at an angle of 90 degrees. 3. The bloodstain angle is used to indicate the flight path as well as the distance from the impact surface. 4. The point of origin is used toRead MoreCase Study: Crime Investigation of a Death in Las Vegas Essay2240 Words   |  9 Pagesbetween suicide and homicide. Blood analysis can be performed for various reasons. This is including obtaining DNA from blood, blood group typing and chemical analysis. Chemical analysis is important in this case since drug overdose is suspected. Drugs in blood are detectable from minutes to hours depending on the drug, and blood is most reliable sample for interpretation of drug use. Blood is composed of plasma and blood cells. Prior to drug detection analysis with blood, the sample is centrifuged

Gender Bias in the Workplace Its Origin, Cases and...

Gender Bias in the Workplace: Its Origin, Cases and Solutions Gender bias has long been an issue in the workplace. For decades women have suffered not only a pay gap but also an authority gap. In my paper I will outline how gender bias has taken shape within the workplace and its components. It is key that we not only study the components of the gender gap but also examine how they took root. One would think that gender bias would have subsided considerably but this is not the case. Over the decades it has grown and grown and made it even harder for progress to take shape. The Problem Over fifty years ago, in 1963, the U.S. Congress passed one of the most heralded and controversial laws in its history. This law was the Equal Pay Act of 1963. For years those fighting for equal rights looked at simply racial disparities. However, this was a major step for women in the workplace. Women had fought for decades for the rights to vote and then again for work place equality. Finally, the federal government had sided with the rights of women and sought to stop some of the injustices that had taken place. While this was a major step for women in the workplace there is no doubt that it has corroded over time. Today, women make up about half of the U.S. workforce (Gilbeman, 23). Women are not only succeeding in the workforce but also in the classroom. Women not only have higher scores on standardized tests but also have a higher rate of college graduation (Gilbeman, 23). ProfessionalShow MoreRelatedDiversity in the Workplace1452 Words   |  6 Pagesemploys a diverse workfor ce in that includes both genders, people of many generations and those from ethnically and racially diverse backgrounds. In daily vocation operations diversity is alleged to assist appreciate and understand the demographics of the marketplace it serves and in effect creates greater accomplishment in the marketplace. Employee satisfaction is significant to an organisations goal, so a company that supports diversity of its workplace not only gratifies workers but also increaseRead MoreManagement of Diversity1058 Words   |  5 Pagesthe first things which come to mind are age, sexual orientation, race and gender. In Workforce America! Managing Employee Diversity as a Vital Resource, diversity is defined as: â€Å"otherness or those human qualities that are different from our own and outside the groups to which we belong, yet present in other individuals and groups.† â€Å"The dimensions of diversity are further expanded but not limited to: age, ethnicity, gender, race, physical abilities/qualities, sexual orientation, education, geographicalRead MoreCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation1581 Words   |  7 Pagesdefines the values of the system in a changing society. Recent trends affecting the criminal justice system are related to gender and racial barriers. According to Roslyn Muraskin and Albert R. Roberts (2009 ), assessments of statuses of women and minorities in police work shows that there are obstacles in official and informal structures of police work organizations related to gender and race. Regardless of assessment studies, which show that women are effective patrol officers, organizational principlesRead MoreEqual Employment Opportunity History and Laws1574 Words   |  7 Pagesorder to prevent bias, prejudice, bigotry, and inequity against anyone due to physical abilities, race, religion, gender, or age. EEO strives to assure that all applicants, male and female alike and all ethnic groups have a fair chance in the hiring process, in competing for advancement, and each employee must have the same access to development probabilities. Equal Employment Opportunity is based on equality and it is encompassed by a series of statutes in tended to proscribe workplace discriminationRead MoreAssignment 3 : Human Resources Management1461 Words   |  6 PagesMatthew Allen September 29, 2014 LS 625 Assignment 3 – Human Resources Management Issue CASE STUDY: Read Part One of the text: Chapters 1-4. Write a description of a problematic situation or incident that you have witnessed or experienced in your workplace. The situation or incident should focus on a human resource management issue. In detailing the incident, begin with an overview of the circumstances surrounding the initial development of the problem. Include specific details, the people involvedRead MoreArgumentation-Persuasion Essay Affirmative Action1494 Words   |  6 PagesArgumentation-Persuasion Essay Affirmative Action Ronald Spears 16 March 2012 Constitution Law Bonnie Ronson Wiregrass Tech. College Online Abstract: The terms affirmative action refer to policies that take race, ethnicity, or gender into consideration in an attempt to promote equal opportunity or increase ethnic or other forms of diversity. The focus of such policies ranges from employment and education to public contracting and health programs. The impetus towards affirmative actionRead MoreInternal Structural Barriers And Training Required For Senior Management Advancement3320 Words   |  14 Pagescomplaints seriously. Furthermore, there has to be a strong case of evidence or at least some type of speculation involved before a case can even be considered. Lastly, under this category, minorities suffer due to inadequate reporting systems that are in place to be the mediator for the glass ceiling phenomenon. †¢ Others - We can press on further to bring other issues to the forefront such as the lack of family oriented programs within the workplace. This issue would probably be specific to women, whichRead MoreEssay on Diversity and Inclusion at Dell, Inc.2188 Words   |  9 Pageshis or her own experiences, views, beliefs philosophies and ideologies. Fortunately, these distinctive differences that have become a driving force for change and acceptance in the workplace environment. â€Å"Workforce diversity acknowledges the reality that people differ in many ways, visible or invisible, [by] age, gender, marital status, social status, disability, sexual orientation, religion, personality, ethnicity and culture (Shen, Chanda, D’Netto, Monga, 2009, p. 235). Support of individuals’Read MoreConsequences of Social Categorization and Social Identity Theories1929 Words   |  8 Pagesstate that the debate on diversity mostly confuses various forms of a variety of workforce. One way to achieve workforce variety is through social categorization, where group membership is determined by mutual characteristics such as race, sex, age, gender, and status. Legal provisions on diversity have continuously emphasized the creation of representative social categorization approach in the workforce of an organization (Podsiadlowski et al., 2013). In this context, the workforce demography shouldRead MoreWhy Do Women Earn Less Than Men?5819 Words   |  24 Pagesbased on gender, a significant earnings gap exists. Women earn less than men in almost every line of work regardless of age, race, ethnic background or level of education. This study discusses the disparity of income between men and women, and the primary factors that contribute to the disparity. It then looks at some of the legislation that has been passed or is under consideration to address the issue. Finally, it concludes that there are many reasons for the disparity other than gender discrimination

Value Alignment - Apple Inc. free essay sample

Since its inception in 1984 the Apple Inc. has grown to become one of the biggest well-known companies in the world. This ascension came about from smart management, innovative ideas and marketing as well as research and development. In this discussion, Team D will analyze the origins, motivations and developments of personal values that affect every day practices, and identify the origins and developments of values within the workplace. This discussion will also identify if the values of Apple Inc. are in alignment with the plans and actions including an explaining the differences between company and personal values.Analyzing values and the way they align themselves with plans and actions provides a firm foundation to discuss how Apple Inc can continue to innovate and be a market leader for years to come. Concerning personal and workplace values, ethics play an important role in any organization that is imperative to success. To attain a successful alignment between corporate and individual values, there needs to be a symbiotic relationship between the company and the people it employs. We will write a custom essay sample on Value Alignment Apple Inc. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These values are the basic building blocks for individual behavior and provide direction in accordance with the goals and objectives of the organization such as Apple Inc. Resources: AlterNet. (2010). How Do You Like Those Apples? Apple Inc. Hides Lack of Diversity.

Why should Amazonia be protected Essay Example

Why should Amazonia be protected? Essay The Amazonian rainforest is the worlds largest rainforest situated in Brazil of South America and consequently suffers the most deforestation in the world. It is home to about 20 million people, as well as approximately 60,000 plant species, 1,000 bird species and more than 300 mammal species. This rainforest area, also known as Amazonia, the Amazon jungle, or the Amazon Basin, encompasses seven million square kilometers (1.7 billion acres), in which its located within nine nations: Brazil (with 60 percent of the rainforest), Peru (with 13 percent of the rainforest), Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana. The Amazon represents over half of the planets remaining rainforests and comprises the largest and most species-rich area of tropical rainforest in the world; implementing the label of the most diverse ecosystem in the world. Rainforests are found in more than forty countries around the equator. Most of the rainforests are located in the tropics; which is from the Tropic of Capricorn, south of the equator, to the Tropic of Cancer, which is north of the equator. These rainforests can be found in parts of Brazil, Venezuela, the Amazon Basin, Zaire, Indonesia, the Neotropics in Brazil, Cherrapunki in India, Colombia, French Guinea, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Southeast Asia, Suriname, Douala in Cameroon, Costa Rica, New Guinea, the Philippines, Kenya, Borneo, Madagascar, Trinidad, Thailand, Australia, and Belize to name several examples. This is due to the yearly hot weather complimented with the wet humid climate ideal for plants all of species to thrive. We will write a custom essay sample on Why should Amazonia be protected? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why should Amazonia be protected? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why should Amazonia be protected? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Summary; The Amazon River Basin is home to the largest rainforest on Earth. The basin, roughly the size of the forty-eight contiguous United States, covers some 40% of the South American continent. It is only renowned as one of the wettest place on earth which inhibits over 50% of all the plants and animals in the world. Opposed from other numerous environmental conditions as well as past human influence; Amazonia is made up of a variety of ecosystems and vegetation types including rainforests, seasonal forests, deciduous forests, flooded forests, and savannas. It is extremely important for the allowance of the Amazonian rainforest to survive and be able to thrive. Climate; The rainforest climate is hot, wet and sticky very humid; so consequently it rains at roughly a set period of the day, every day. The rain comes down suddenly and stops just as suddenly. Which is renowned as convectional rainfall; meaning that the Sun heats the ground, which heats the air nearest the ground causing it to expand and rise. When the air gets to a certain height it condenses to dew point and forms clouds, then it rains with often occurrences of storms and thunder. Amazonia is truly a unique and diverse place, there is no place quite like it left in the world. Theres a constant year round temperature of 80 degrees Fahrenheit and receive anywhere from 160-400 inches of rain a year. Scientists believe it was these properties that protected the Rainforest during the mass extinction of the Dinosaurs 65 million years ago. The Amazon jungle is also of a great significance to the climate of the world because it absorbs very large amounts of carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere essential in preventing the recent phenomenon of global warming. Ecosystem; It would be expected that such a diverse ecosystem, humid and hot temperatures, would have rich soil but this is not the case. In fact the nutrient quality of the soil is extremely poor. The 80% of the Rainforest nutrients is held within the plants and leaves themselves. Therefore, all plants and trees have very short roots which are close to the surface as deciduous trees drop their leaves eventually which decompose with only the thinner roots are sent down through the rocks; as all the nutrients in the soil have simply been washed away. Other elements which create some necessary nutrients which is key to any vegetations survival are; fallen trees which take an age to decompose without the help of termites, and fungi on all types of trees. According to scientists the Amazonian rainforest is over millions of years old the worlds oldest and noted as the only original rainforest left, flourishing from the ages as far back as the dinosaurs. There are approximately 900 tones of plant matter in 1 hectare of the 688 million hectored rainforest, which helps contribute over 20% of the worlds oxygen supply, which is imperative for the survival of humans and all other living creatures a kind. Animals; There are an estimated 15,000 different kinds of Brazilian animals situated in the Amazonian rainforest. With over one third of the worlds population of animals, notably exotic animals which can only live in hotter and humid climates, endangering these animals from such acts as deforestation will only strain the Earths natural characteristics food chains could be destroyed leading to a mass number of other extinct animals, nothing could be done by us to bring these animals back. Though preserving the complex beauty of nature is important. The animals, plants and the elements of the world form a tight and delicate ecological balance. Medicines; The Amazonian rainforest has many different plants that can be used as herbal medicines. Some of the most important medicines come from the Amazon where some have been used for hundreds and hundreds of years. These plants can be deadly if taken in large doses, but in small doses they can be very helpful. They can be used to cure headaches, skin irritation, high blood pressures, and many other diseases. Therefore, destroying the rainforest is like destroying the hope of any cures of deadly illnesses and diseases. Could cancer really be cured? The Amazonian rainforest is the only place that can answer that common question. Hydrological Cycle; Increasing amounts of deforestation can reduce transpiration of moisture into the atmosphere, weakening water recycling and causing local climate drying. This results in a dramatic change in the ecosystem, as a consequence from a less humid rainforest; plants and animals of all species may die as there is no where they can migrate. Plus another problem of which the surface floor is substantially warming; destroying the original composition of the rainforest which can create global effects/disasters. Scientists have suggested that the rising problems of deforestation can cause changes in the North Atlantic and European storm tracks; producing considerable cooling in southern Europe and warming across parts of Asia in winter. Indigenous People; Indigenous, or native, people have lived in rainforests for many thousands of years which they still regard as there home. Indigenous people admire the forest which, until the present, has protected them from outsiders and given them everything they need to survive alike their ancestors. They live in what is called a sustainable existence, meaning they use the land without doing harm to the plants and animals. Although indigenous people have lived on their lands for thousands of years, they dont actually own it, as they have not filed for ownership deeds of the land and do not possess a title with the Brazilian government. From once living alone from any other human interference, in harmony, the natives natural knowledge of the rainforest has considerably changed as an act from deforestation (making their territories smaller). Indigenous groups are beginning to fight for their land at a last remorse; most often through peaceful demonstrations. Meaning they have to somehow interact with members of the Brazilian society who normally speak the common Portuguese language. But some of their actions may cause them to be arrested or even to lose their lives. But they know that if they take no action, their land and culture could be lost forever. Natural resources; Deforestation is the cause of destruction to the Amazonian rainforest, in which it is rapidly becoming the most reliable method for access to resources such as wood. The countries of Amazonia are poor, less developed countries that rely on the resources of the Amazon jungle to become richer, more developed countries. However, some people think that they can only do this by destroying the rainforest forever but if they were to now, their profits would not be as great as foreging for a sustainable income like rubber trees etc. The trees of the rainforest can be sold for wood (timber). This timber is in great demand in economically developed countries like Britain, Japan and USA. Accordingly, as it is in great demand, there are many advantages as well as disadvantages of the deforestation of the trees in the Amazon; the countries become richer, but if all the trees were cut down now the world may bewitness a worldwide spread of devastation. Mining tin ore is considered an easier trade to retrieve from its original state in Amazonia, compared to efforts in other mines across the world. The rainforests earth does not consist of a hard rocky substance; thorough decades of weathering and scorching hot heat blasting the ground, the tin ore can be removed easily with a hose propelling water at a high pressure. The tradesmen extracting these substances have a realtively simple job afterwards forgening through the rubble to find the ore in which they sell to wealthy businessmen and companies, usually from other countries. Mines eventually become bare of their natural resources, so no more tin ore can be obtained they are regarded as useless and therefore abandoned. These mines dont contain any soil nutrients as they have been washed away, so vegetation doesnt grow back once again. Other mines are then setup in different areas. As mining for tin ore is a realtively simple process with high profits, especially compared to other local jobs like farming etc, more Brazilians are changing their occupation, so areas of the rainforest are being destroyed to be replaced with mines/quarrys. The rainforest aslo contains hgih traces and amounts of gold ore, which has a far higher value than tin. However, the gold mining exploration at this present time is realtively small so the amount of abandoned mines is close to none. Locals; Tribes/indigenous people There are still a lot of tribes that still remained untouched in the Amazonian rainforest, continuing to do so up until the present day. The Yanomami tribe is renowned as the up most largest and dominate tribe. Choosing to live in isolation, a distance figure from the rest of the world, many tribes are still undiscovered. Each tribe is marginally different from their culture to traditions but they all survive from living with the forest, a dominant but humble part of the ecosystem; living alongside nature without threatening any serious harm. But increasing concerns of the amount of forest cover left in the Brazils sector of Amazonia is leaving the locals in jeopardy. Their way of life is changing due to the effects from deforestation the way in which they live is meaning they have to adapt. Tribes have to defend their territory from tree loggers, but they will have to eventually move and find new homes; relocating to areas theyve never seen before, away from the homes that their an cestors have lived in for hundreds of years. Tribes are actually being inprisoned in the rainforest; never to have access to modern health care, or modern dentistry. Theyre denied a life span of anything longer than 30 or 40 years. No access to modern farming, and agricultural developments that would improve their lives substantially. Even though their habitat is decreasing in size their lack of knowledge from the outsde world is restricting them to evolve, into a modern cizilization. National; Resources Some natural resources in the rainforest cant be found in many places around the rest of the world. Mahogany trees for example. Various foreign companies attempt to secure the services of the local people to retrieve these resources. In a summary, these rare resources make Brazil an important country, which can possibly become more economically dominant; the huge country is obviously unique compared to any other, apprehending great potential. The indifferent climate and sheer amount of trees offer an easy income to the Brazilian civilization. Unfortunately, as wood (timber) is in a great demand all over the world and there still is over 3million kmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of rainforest left, thriving with a variety of tree species, deforestation is a chronic phenomenon. In which it is true; if the entire rainforest were to be cut down now Brazil would be extremely wealthy, but the planet will suffer from a lack of oxygen, deprived of any more rare natural resources. Brazil however, has an option of sustainable development in which the civilization can survive irrespectively, and the country as a whole can expand its economic structure. The Brazilian government has the ability to prevent deforestation and introduce sustainable regimes, like rubber tapping, so in the future the country will have a solid, wealthier foundation to continue develop. Brazilian Doctors If the Amazonian rainforest were to be demolished completely, undiscovered medicines will be lost forever. The medicines that have already been extracted are important to the local doctors, as, they possess medication that can only be found in that region of the Earth making it highly expensive. The medicines are vital for the human civilizations that inhabit Amazonia; their quality of life is low and difficult. Their lifestyles are based mainly on surviving in which they cannot receive basic health care as the government cant simply afford it. The Brazilian doctors who posses these medicines are then able to farm these organic harvests, to sell to companies around the world. This proves the significance of the medicines, to the financial and economic structure and development of the country (not just the people who live there). Conservationists The Amazonian rainforest is most diverse ecosystem on the planet; containing wildlife and vegetation only inhabited in the nine nations. Conservationists from MEDCs like the United States also live in the rainforest, but not on a permanent basis. As tourists themselves, most collect data on the jungles bio-diverse nature for their own logic and knowledge in their spare time. They are continuously exploring new ways and ideas to protect the wildlife, so that the locals are capable of living alongside animals, in harmony. Therefore, the further amount of volunteers that participate in these projects, the more the popularity of trekking in the Amazonia grows. Ecotourism, from mainly such conservationists, will then be able to offer the countries of the rainforest a sustainable income. In which the importance of preserving the rainforest increases from the tourists whove visited. This will undoubtedly offer jobs for the locals aswell; acting as guides or captains on boats, as examples, developing the variation of employment in Amazonia (instead of cattle ranching or farming), just through the inquisitive conservationists, trying to save the wildlife. Global; Governments from other countries (scientists) Governments from other countries are pressuring Brazil in particular to but an end to deforestation in a vein attempt to prevent global warming. The Brazilian government expects to receive donations from other countries to help protect their area of rainforest. Thats why theyve established the Amazon Fund earlier this year to promote sustainable use of Earths largest rainforest. Norway has pledged to contribute hundreds of millions of dollars per year to rainforest protection in an effort to slow greenhouse gas emissions that result from deforestation. But this has put Brazil under scrutiny as Norways the only country to offer a substantial amount of money. Their government is criticized by some European countries, and America, for relying on donations rather than marketing mechanisms for avoiding deforestation. But these countries, along with the consumers demands from around the world, buy a high proportion of the products produced from the rainforest, like wooden furniture. These are the key drivers of rainforest destruction in Brazil. Therefore, the governments of other countries are only interested in the welfare of the rainforest for the future of the worlds survival. Doctors Doctors from around the world would benefit from researching various plants in Amazonia, some still remain undiscovered. Doctors from MEDCs, who had once visited the rainforest found that common diseases and illness, unlikely to be fatal, were easily cured from digesting some form of vegetation without any modification; for example, the milk cut open from a papaya fruit would help with indigestion. Doctors, around the world, believe that there are locked assortments of yet undiscovered medicines, (regulating plant and animal life that could enrich the health of humans). This theory stands as Amazonia is the richest area of diversity on the globe, with such a variation in forms of life, which have been there for hundreds of years. The forest plants are vital resources for the eradication of diseases; they hold the potential to cure such cancers and maybe diseases that will inflict mammals in the future. This is why the biggest of the 80% remaining rainforest areas in the world must be preserved intact, helping them all to flourish again. The future health and welfare of humanity may well be determined by the fate of these rainforests. History: Approximately 7,000 medical compounds from Amazonia were examined, identified and prescribed to Americans in 1985 their retail value was an estimated $43 billion. Showing just how important the rainforest is, even over 20 years ago. Environmentalists Environmentalists are organizations that are involved in issues relating to the protection of the natural world, in which they are against the harmful effects of industrialized societies. In this particular incident, it is that those who are against the developed civilizations that produce waste gases. What is global warming?; The ozone layer, full of greenhouse gases, acts as a protective layer from the suns rays. It allows light and some heat into the Earths atmosphere which is enough to warm the entire globe. But some heat bounces back against the ground, attempting to escape back into the atmosphere, which it would normally be able to do. But with more greenhouse gases to absorb the heat inside the Earths global temperature increases. The effects of global warming; Carbon dioxide, a gas that vegetation (trees basically) respire and produce energy with their leaves from photosynthesis, causes 9-26% of the greenhouse gas effect which is notably the second highest of all the gases. Behind that of water vapour with 36-70% which cannot be controlled or altered by human activity, unlike the atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide which can be increased. This is why the amounts of carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases must be restricted to a minimum. As otherwise the heat of the Earths atmosphere will lead to the melting of the ice caps; leading to global flooding. Moreover, without preserving the trees of Amazonia, and all over the world in fact, the amount of carbon dioxide in atmosphere will also lead to the heating of the Earth, causing the same devastating effect. Achieving the right balance of the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere can only be altered by human activity. Consequently environmentalists try to address the public about the growing concerns of global warming, pressure governments to decrease the amount of CO2 their countries produce and investigate how to prevent the ice caps from melting.